| 単語 | 意味 | 例文 |
|---|
| Puritan | 清教徒 | The Puritan settlement of New England was a result of the dissatisfaction of some clergy and laity with the adequecy of the reform of the Church of England under Queen Elizabeth I, and by the survival of what they perceived as popish practices. |
| dissatisfaction | 不満，不平 |
| clergy | 聖職者 |
| laity | 俗人 |
| popish | カトリック教の |
| with a view towards | 〜する目的で，【to でも可】 | English Puritants had initially engaged in a political struggle to control the national church with a view towards enforcing their own opinion, but by the end of the 16th century, it had become apparent that this would not be possible and that further agitation would meet severe repression. |
| agitation | 扇動 |
| militants | 好戦的な人，好戦的な | From about 1615, Protestant militants were also alarmed at the growth of Arminian thinking within the established church, that is ideas that moderated and softened the stringent Calvinist theology. |
| Arminian | アルミニウス派の |
| Calvinist | カルバン派の人 |
| unregenerate | 悔い改めない，更正しない，罪深い | In response, small groups formed that despaired of the national and envisioned a purified church composed of companies of visible saints, a spiritual elect free from the unregenerate masses. |
| sectries | ある特定の派閥にのめり込んでいる人，=sectarian, 宗徒，教徒 | These sectries stemmed mainly from London and the trading towns of south-east England, and they generally followed leaders trained in the Cambridge colleges. |
| Cambridge | ケンブリッジ |
| pilgrims | 巡礼者，旅人，放浪者 | Sailing on the Mayflower, a hundred pilgrims reached Cape Cod in November 1620. |
| colony | 植民地，居留地 | The miracle of their survival was celebrated in the first Thanksgiving in 1621, but the colony remained small, with barely 300 people by 1630. |
| gazetteer | 地名辞典，地名索引 | The gazetteer provides the exact location of other important places in American history. |
| paleontology | 古生物学 | The increase in sophistication of scientists during this period was marked by the development of such areas of specialized study as stratigraphy, paleontology, comparative anatomy, comparative embryology, and biogeography. |
| embryology | 発生学，胎生学 |
| biogeography | 生物地理学 |
| sizable | かなり大きな | This early interest in rock strata did not include an attempt to explain the origin of the rock layers, but did provide a sizable accumulation of data, which was used by later geologists to formulate theories of earth history. |
| momentous | 重大な，重要な | All suface features of the earth were assigned to the agency of this on momentous geologic event. |
| Neptunism | 水成論【全ての岩石が水中の堆積物から出来たとする，今ではすたれた説】 | This theory came to be called Neptunism, after the Roman god of the sea. |
| water-lain | 水中にある，水中に置かれている | Approximately 75\% of all the rocks of the earth's surface have been formed from water-lain sediments that have been converted into solid rock. |
| reminiscent | adj. 思い出させる，連想させる | Another point in favor of Neptunist theory was vaguely reminiscent of the Noachian Flood describe in the Bible. |
| Noachian | ノアの時代の，ノアの |
| Vulcanism | =volcanism, 火山作用，火山活動 | Vulcanism was thought to result from the spontaneous combustion of coal deposits within the earth. |
| combustion | 燃焼 |
| cataclysmic | 大変異の，激変的な | Instead, the English geologists Jameson and Buckland postulated that there had not been a single great flood, but an alternating series of floods and sudden elevation of the earth, each event of short duration but of cataclysmic proportions. |
| cataclysms | 地殻変動，大洪水 | These cataclysms of nature resulted in the local extinction of many species of organisms, with life being replenished by a series of creations occurring at the end of each upheaval. |
| upheaval | 大変動，激動，持ち上がること，隆起 |
